I see 4 options:
1. Try it with the 6534, and maybe use some resistors in a resistor network or pull up/ pull downs to limit the voltage.(being careful not to blow any ports)
2. Try a 3v to 5v converter chip, the DAQ card does run up to 800mA of current at 5V out to a pin on the connector blocks, you can power the chips off of that.(this would add delays, but at least the would be constant and minimal)
3. Try looking for a DAQ card that is isolated (PCI6527 or equivalent) or one with an external reference input. Some of the NI cards have an external voltage reference pin in the card which would allow you to substitute a 3v reference for the standard 5v.
4. Use an analog output card to run digital. Some of the analog cards will have speed comperable to a fast d
igital one.
The good thing about most NI hardware is that you can use the terminal blocks as a good place to hide extra parts like pull up resistors and such.