Richard,
Logos is the name for the NI Ethernet Protocol. It was originally developed for networking of computers using Lookout. Using DataSocket with the Lookout URL specifier, is instructing the DataSocket client to use the logos protocol or lookout protocol (the terms are interchangeable). The FieldPoint Publish Data.vi is a VI that can be run on embedded targets (e.g. (c)FP-20xx series) that can be used to make data available via the NI Ethernet protocol. For example, if you measured two sensors and calculated a value from the two sensors, you could use the Publish Data.vi to make the calculation result available from the FP-2000.
Regards,
Aaron
LabVIEW Champion, CLA, CPI