DOK,
There are 2 language settings related to building EXEs and building Installers. In the EXE Properties you can choose which languages your application claims to support and a default one to use, so that the LabVIEW Run-Time Engine will return LabVIEW strings in that language (strings like LabVIEW menu items or built-in LabVIEW dialogs, etc). In the Installer Builder you can choose which language the dialogs that make up your installer will be in, but nothing about what language installers are being included. Neither of which will change what languages get included in the installers for the Additional Installers, most of our installers are a single installer supporting multiple languages anyway.
The files you are seeing on disk are the NI License agreements and the MSI Transform files. When the installer runs regardless of the language you set for the dialogs, it will display the appropriate NI License Agreement (if available, other wise it will show the default one for language of the dialogs). Also while the installer is running it will change logic based on what language your OS is in order to install properly, that is what the transform files do. So they are necessary and can't be removed.
The easiest way to make your installer smaller so it is easier to download is to zip it I just tried it on an installer I built in 8.2 and it went from 64.7 MB on disk to 51.4 MB. The other option is to not include the Run-Time Engine and refer your customers to our web site to download it. There will still be some language files in your installer though.
Kennon