The primary limitation you will encounter when trying to do high speed
digital I/O using your E-Series hardware is that the digital lines are
all software timed. This means that for each and every digital
read it is necessary for your software to issue a command to your
hardware, read a single point, then receive the response from the
board. This prevents you from performing digital operations at
very high speed. In general, I would say that 100 microseconds is
a very good response using software-timed digital I/O on a Windows
computer.
It is difficult to make a good recommendation without more detail about
what you are trying to do. You may need to consider switching to
a Real-Time operating system, or upgrading your DAQ hardware to a board
that will allow you to time your digital acquisitions on the board
itself. These devices, such as the m-Series DAQ or the PCI-653x
series, would allow you to use hardware triggers for your digital
acquisitions, change detection, and buffered data acquisitions to
reduce the software overhead involved in a rapid acquisition.