The 5122 will have a 14 bit ADC by default and that cannot be changed, but we can change the data that we fetch from the board to be either 8, 16, or 32 bit representation.
In LabIEW, for example, there are lower level VIs called niScope Fetch Binary 8,16,or 32. These VIs will pull the data from the board in those three sizes. You can examine their functionality with some of the shipping examples that come with the NI-Scope driver. The example niScope EX Fetch Forever.vi uses the 8 bit fetch option.
Hope this helps.
Best Regards,
Jeremy R.
NI - Applications Engineer