If you want to get an idea of the base-frequency of an periodic signal, you can measure the number of samples in between two maxima or in between two minima of the periodic signal.
Multiply the number of samples by the sample-interval (1/Fsample in [sec]) gives you a rough estimate.
FFT, I mentioned is one of the more advanced calculation-methods.
The method calculates the spectrum from a waveform.
Hope this helps,
Patrick