I would first try performing a simple pattern match on a known 8-bit image to see if the image I am working with is possibly a different format or corrupted somehow. Attached is an 8 bit image from one of NI's Vision Builder for AI (VBAI) examples.
If that is successful, then I would run a conversion utility on my image to 'cast' it to an 8 bit image. Also attached is a simple conversion utility (requires LabVIEW 7.1 and Vision 7.1).
If the test on a known 8 bit image is unsuccessful, I would try opening some of the examples included with VBAI to double check and if all of them have errors, I would backup my work and reinstall VBAI.
I hope this helps,