Unfortunately for your application, this is just the way that the control works. There is no way to change the data type that the control returns.
I can think of a couple of ways that you might be able to work around this issue. If you own Measurement Studio, you could use the C++ tools to create a DLL that calls the appropriate CNiIIRCascadeFilter function. The C++ tools return the values as an array of doubles. This would be only twice as large as your integer data. The underlying National Instruments analysis library operates on doubles - we do not provide an algorithm that operates on integers - so this is as small as you will get with our tools.
Another option is to decimate your data (use CWDSP.Decimate) before you attempt to filter it. Whether this
will yield accurate enough results for you really depends on your application.
If neither of these options is acceptable, you might need to consider hardware alternatives.