How to model transistor with base connected to emitter

[dingebre]

I am trying to model some old circuits mostly for fun and learning and because I know the real world versions work. The simulations mostly work, however, in a couple of schematics, the author uses an NPN transistor where the base is connected to the emitter and is used as a two terminal device. In these schematics, I can't get the simulation to work as the real world circuit works.

I strongly suspect that this connection scheme isn't modeled well in SPICE. Any thoughts as to what connecting a transistor like this does? What kind of a model can I substitute for this odd component?

David 

[dingebre]

I have a partial solution. In the one circuit with the base connected to the emitter, the transistor acts like a zener diode. At least, replacing the transistor with a 6.2 volt zener diode makes the circuit work.

I'm still baffled by the base connected to the collector, however. How do I get SPICE to model that configuration since it is not doing a good job with teh transistor model in there.

David