You are right, NI-FBUS CM API only allocates buffer for Read/Write operations(nifReadObject and nifWriteObject).
If you want to decode the raw data stream, you might use NI Fieldbus Communications Stack to get the raw data; but the stack is working as a device(Link Master or Basic Device), and it can't capture data stream among other devices. By calling the stack, you can capture the raw data based on SM_READ/SM_WRITE service, but you can't capture all the other packets like Token Passing, SET_TAG, IDENTITY, SET_ADDRESS or NM related packets.